waouooo

waouooo:一个很哇塞的博客

重生2024，重启waouooo IT技术公众号&站点博客计划。。。

2023年大概会覆盖一下几点内容，（按时间以及紧急程度排序）

面试系列
JVM相关知识梳理
设计模式
golang实现基础的一些数据结构(使用泛型)
领域驱动设计（DDD）
DDIA读书笔记
数据库相关内容
其他技术相关记录

2024年计划

能发几篇是几篇

waouooo长期打算

希望可以打造一个很哇塞的技术站点（当然也可以不仅限于技术），记录一些日常积累学习的东西，做一些有意思的小玩意儿，往头发越来越少的道路上一路高歌猛进。

欢迎关注公众号：

Chapter 1

Golang

golang 相关内容

time.Tick() 内存泄漏问题排查

背景：

目前我们开发的流水线服务（pipeline）任务状态流转主要依赖drone-server往pipeline中推送，推送过程涉及drone-server -> webhook , webhook -> pipeline 两个过程，因为网络不完全可靠，因此会出现偶尔的状态丢失问题。现在通过pipeline 中定时向drone-server中查询build状态来弥补部分状态丢失问题。当任务开发完成投入预发环境运行时，观察监控发现: pipeline服务长时间运行后会出现cpu和内存缓慢增长的问题。

监控图表📈：

cpu: mem:

问题排查

使用pprof 观察

pipeline  go tool pprof https://xxx.com/debug/pprof/heap
Fetching profile over HTTP from https://xxx.com/debug/pprof/heap
Saved profile in /Users/zhou/pprof/pprof.pipeline.alloc_objects.alloc_space.inuse_objects.inuse_space.001.pb.gz
File: pipeline
Build ID: f5b549d19b3a22503c2410c78834ba394de7cfa6
Type: inuse_space
Time: Nov 22, 2022 at 9:11am (CST)
Entering interactive mode (type "help" for commands, "o" for options) 
(pprof) top
Showing nodes accounting for 17358.76kB, 91.86% of 18897kB total
Showing top 10 nodes out of 125
      flat  flat%   sum%        cum   cum%
 8192.69kB 43.35% 43.35%  8192.69kB 43.35%  time.NewTicker
 2802.47kB 14.83% 58.18%  2802.47kB 14.83% ******/pipeline/vendor/github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd.encoderOptions.encoder
 1805.17kB  9.55% 67.74%  1805.17kB  9.55%  compress/flate.NewWriter
 1025.80kB  5.43% 73.17%  1543.13kB  8.17%  ******/pipeline/vendor/google.golang.org/protobuf/internal/filedesc.(*Message).unmarshalFull
  768.26kB  4.07% 77.23%   768.26kB  4.07%  syscall.copyenv
  613.99kB  3.25% 80.48%   613.99kB  3.25%  bytes.makeSlice
  578.66kB  3.06% 83.54%   578.66kB  3.06%  ******/pipeline/vendor/github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd.(*blockEnc).init
  536.37kB  2.84% 86.38%   536.37kB  2.84%  regexp/syntax.(*compiler).inst
  518.02kB  2.74% 89.12%   518.02kB  2.74%  ******/pipeline/vendor/github.com/beorn7/perks/quantile.newStream
  517.33kB  2.74% 91.86%   517.33kB  2.74%  ******/pipeline/vendor/google.golang.org/protobuf/internal/strs.(*Builder).AppendFullName
(pprof) web

pipeline  go tool pprof https://xxx.com/debug/pprof/profile\?second\=120
Fetching profile over HTTP from https://xxx.com/debug/pprof/profile?second=120
Saved profile in /Users/zhou/pprof/pprof.pipeline.samples.cpu.001.pb.gz
File: pipeline
Build ID: f5b549d19b3a22503c2410c78834ba394de7cfa6
Type: cpu
Time: Nov 22, 2022 at 9:15am (CST)
Duration: 30.10s, Total samples = 1.18s ( 3.92%)
Entering interactive mode (type "help" for commands, "o" for options)
(pprof) top
Showing nodes accounting for 1.13s, 95.76% of 1.18s total
Showing top 10 nodes out of 28
      flat  flat%   sum%        cum   cum%
     0.66s 55.93% 55.93%      0.66s 55.93%  runtime.siftdownTimer
     0.13s 11.02% 66.95%      0.13s 11.02%  runtime.epollwait
     0.12s 10.17% 77.12%      0.13s 11.02%  runtime.chansend
     0.05s  4.24% 81.36%      0.07s  5.93%  runtime.nanotime (inline)
     0.05s  4.24% 85.59%      0.05s  4.24%  runtime.walltime (inline)
     0.04s  3.39% 88.98%      1.18s   100%  runtime.findrunnable
     0.03s  2.54% 91.53%      0.03s  2.54%  runtime.unlock2
     0.02s  1.69% 93.22%      0.02s  1.69%  runtime.nanotime1
     0.02s  1.69% 94.92%      0.15s 12.71%  runtime.netpoll
     0.01s  0.85% 95.76%      0.01s  0.85%  runtime.(*randomEnum).done (inline)
(pprof) web

使用web命令生成svg图片观察更直观：

heap svg cpu svg

通过pprof分析可得cpu与heap主要被runtime包中的方法占用了。其实从heap的性能图中基本可以看出主要是被time.NewTicker给占用了，而新增的代码中只有一处使用了tick进行计时，代码如下：

util.Go(func() {  
   func(r *RM, ch chan int) {  
      for {  
         select {  
         case <-time.Tick(time.Second):  
            second := time.Now().Second()  
            r.RLock()  
            existed := r.m[second]  
            r.RUnlock()  
            if !existed {  
               util.Go(func() {  
                  t.readCache(second, ch)  
               })  
            }  
            r.Lock()  
            r.m[second] = true  
            r.Unlock()  
         }  
      }  
   }(r, ch)  
})

进入time.Tick方法查看源码如下:

// Tick is a convenience wrapper for NewTicker providing access to the ticking
// channel only. While Tick is useful for clients that have no need to shut down
// the Ticker, be aware that without a way to shut it down the underlying  
// Ticker cannot be recovered by the garbage collector; it "leaks".
// Unlike NewTicker, Tick will return nil if d <= 0.
func Tick(d Duration) <-chan Time {  
   if d <= 0 {  
      return nil  
   }  
   return NewTicker(d).C  
}

通过代码以及其注释可知，每调用一次Tick() 方法都会生成一个新的Ticker，并且没有办法被关闭,从而无法被gc回收导致内存泄漏。而在业务代码中，在循环调用time.Tick()方法进行倒计时，导致生成了大量的Ticker在内存中，使得应用资源使用率在不断得增加。

代码修改：

util.Go(func() {  
   func(r *RM, ch chan int) {  
      // 在循环开始前初始化一个ticker
      ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second)  
      for {  
         select {  
         case <-ticker.C:  
            second := time.Now().Second()  
            r.RLock()  
            existed := r.m[second]  
            r.RUnlock()  
            if !existed {  
               util.Go(func() {  
                  t.readCache(second, ch)  
               })  
            }  
            r.Lock()  
            r.m[second] = true  
            r.Unlock()  
         }  
      }  
   }(r, ch)  
})

在循环开始之前生成唯一一个ticker，从而避免使用time.Tick()的包装方法每次都生成新的ticker，因为这个倒计时存在于整个应用运行的生命周期，因此也无需关闭

修复后的监控图表📈：

cpu:

mem:

Chapter 2

Java

java 相关内容

使用IDEA2023快速创建Spring Boot项目

方式一：通过空项目创建

点击IDEA然后点击New Project 按下图内容填入自己需要的值点击Create即可

方式二：通过spring Initializr创建

Arthas使用指南

背景

通常我们在开发过程中通常会使用debug功能来对代码进行调试，以此来解决响应的一些问题。但是在生成环境中程序出现了异常，我们无法使用IDE的调试功能，即便有远程调试，在生产环境中也是不可接受的，因为调试的过程中会暂停所有线程，导致服务暂停。这时我们就需要通过其他手段来对问题进行追踪调试，而Arthas可以很好的完成这些能力。

Arthas 是Alibaba开源的一款线上监控诊断产品，通过全局视角实时查看应用 load、内存、gc、线程的状态信息，并能在不修改应用代码的情况下，对业务问题进行诊断，包括查看方法调用的出入参、异常，监测方法执行耗时，类加载信息等，大大提升线上问题排查效率，支持 JDK 6+，支持 Linux/Mac/Windows，采用命令行交互模式，同时提供丰富的 Tab 自动补全功能，进一步方便进行问题的定位和诊断。以下是官方列举的一些开发人员遇到问题时可以使用Arthas解决的场景：

1.  这个类从哪个 jar 包加载的？为什么会报各种类相关的 Exception？
2.  我改的代码为什么没有执行到？难道是我没 commit？分支搞错了？
3.  遇到问题无法在线上 debug，难道只能通过加日志再重新发布吗？
4.  线上遇到某个用户的数据处理有问题，但线上同样无法 debug，线下无法重现！
5.  是否有一个全局视角来查看系统的运行状况？
6.  有什么办法可以监控到 JVM 的实时运行状态？
7.  怎么快速定位应用的热点，生成火焰图？
8.  怎样直接从 JVM 内查找某个类的实例？

Arthas相关链接：

使用文档：https://arthas.aliyun.com/doc/
Github: https://github.com/alibaba/arthas

快速入门

Chapter 3

Linux

linux 相关内容

Chapter 4

算法

算法记录

graph TD
A[根节点]-->B[子节点1]
A-->C[子节点2]
A-->D[子节点3]
B-->E[1]
B-->F[2]
B-->G[3]

Chapter 0

快速建站

使用Hugo + Github Pages + Giscus 进行个人博客站点搭建

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客一：基础建站

需求：创建一个个人博客

对程序员来说个人博客是一个非常常见的东西，可以在上面记录自己的学习积累，同时也可以通过互联网分享给大家。个人博客建站的方式有很多，本文不做横向比较，本着白嫖与图方便并兼顾可用性强的角度，选择使用Hugo + Github Pages + Giscus 进行建站。

工具简介：

Hugo：

Hugo 是一个golang编写的静态网站生成器，可以从markdown格式生成。

Github Pages

Github Pages 是Github提供的静态站点托管服务，可以通过仓库（repository）的形式托管静态网站，同类型的还有国内的Gitee Pages

Giscus

Giscus 是一个站点评论系统，基于Github的Discussions功能

创建Github Pages

登录github 创建一个<username>.github.io的仓库
使用<username>.github.io 作为存储库名称。将 username 替换为你的 GitHub 用户名。例如，如果用户名为 waouooo，则存储库名称应为 waouooo.github.io。（ps: 为了保证Github Pages 的可见性，普通用户需要将仓库设置为public，若想使用private，也可以氪金）
点击Settings配置Github Pages
查看Github Pages 配置
返回仓库主页查看部署状态：若出现绿色的勾勾✅则表示部署完成，可以通过访问https://waouooo.github.io 来查看，若是其他标志，也可以点击查看具体的工作流流程。

使用Hugo 初始化站点

macOS安装hugo，其他操作系统安装方式可以参考官方文档

brew install hugo

安装完成后查看当前安装的版本

hugo version
# 输出: hugo v0.105.0+extended darwin/amd64 BuildDate=unknown

初始化站点

hugo new site waouooo
Congratulations! Your new Hugo site is created in /Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo.

Just a few more steps and you're ready to go:

1. Download a theme into the same-named folder.
   Choose a theme from https://themes.gohugo.io/ or
   create your own with the "hugo new theme <THEMENAME>" command.
2. Perhaps you want to add some content. You can add single files
   with "hugo new <SECTIONNAME>/<FILENAME>.<FORMAT>".
3. Start the built-in live server via "hugo server".

Visit https://gohugo.io/ for quickstart guide and full documentation.

进入站点目录并以git submodule模式添加主题，本站点使用主题为hugo-theme-relearn(官方文档), 其他主题可进入官网主题选择

cd waouooo
# 使用git 初始化仓库
git init
# 输出: 已初始化空的 Git 仓库于 /Users/zhou/Workspace/waouooo/waouooo/.git/
git submodule add https://github.com/McShelby/hugo-theme-relearn.git themes/hugo-theme-relearn

从主题exampleSite目录中拷贝配置

cp themes/hugo-theme-relearn/exampleSite/config.toml .

修改配置文件baseURL与：themesdir

# this is a required setting for this theme to appear on https://themes.gohugo.io/
# change this to a value appropriate for you; if your site is served from a subdirectory
# set it like "https://example.com/mysite/"
# 修改此处✅
baseURL = "https://waouooo.github.io/"

# canonicalization will only be used for the sitemap.xml and index.xml files;
# if set to false, a site served from a subdirectory will generate wrong links
# inside of the above mentioned files; if you serve the page from the servers root
# you are free to set the value to false as recommended by the official Hugo documentation
canonifyURLs = true # true -> all relative URLs would instead be canonicalized using baseURL
# required value to serve this page from a webserver AND the file system;
# if you don't want to serve your page from the file system, you can also set this value
# to false
relativeURLs = true # true -> rewrite all relative URLs to be relative to the current content
# if you set uglyURLs to false, this theme will append 'index.html' to any branch bundle link
# so your page can be also served from the file system; if you don't want that,
# set disableExplicitIndexURLs=true in the [params] section
uglyURLs = false     # true -> basic/index.html -> basic.html

# the directory where Hugo reads the themes from; this is specific to your
# installation and most certainly needs be deleted or changed
# 修改此处✅
themesdir = "./themes"
# yeah, well, obviously a mandatory setting for your site, if you want to
# use this theme ;-)
theme = "hugo-theme-relearn"

# the main language of this site; also an automatic pirrrate translation is
# available in this showcase
languageCode = "en"
# make sure your defaultContentLanguage is the first one in the [Languages]
# array below, as the theme needs to make assumptions on it
defaultContentLanguage = "en"
# if you want to get rrrid o' ourrr pirrrates nonsense uncomment th' next line
# disableLanguages = ['pir']

# the site's title of this showcase; you should change this ;-)
title = "Hugo Relearn Documentation"

# We disable this for testing the exampleSite; you must do so too
# if you want to use the themes parameter disableGeneratorVersion=true;
# otherwise Hugo will create a generator tag on your home page
disableHugoGeneratorInject = true

[outputs]
  # add JSON to the home to support lunr search; This is a mandatory setting
  # for the search functionality
  # add PRINT to home, section and page to activate the feature to print whole
  # chapters
  home = ["HTML", "RSS", "PRINT", "SEARCH", "SEARCHPAGE"]
  section = ["HTML", "RSS", "PRINT"]
  page = ["HTML", "RSS", "PRINT"]

[markup]
  [markup.highlight]
    # if `guessSyntax = true`, there will be no unstyled code even if no language
    # was given BUT Mermaid and Math codefences will not work anymore! So this is a
    # mandatory setting for your site if you want to use Mermaid or Math codefences
    guessSyntax = false

    # here in this showcase we use our own modified chroma syntax highlightning style
    # which is imported in theme-relearn-light.css / theme-relearn-dark.css;
    # if you want to use a predefined style instead:
    # - remove the following `noClasses`
    # - set the following `style` to a predefined style name
    # - remove the `@import` of the self-defined chroma stylesheet from your CSS files
    #   (here eg.: theme-relearn-light.css / theme-relearn-dark.css)
    noClasses = false
    # style = "tango"

  [markup.goldmark.renderer]
    # activated for this showcase to use HTML and JavaScript; decide on your own needs;
    # if in doubt, remove this line
    unsafe = true

# allows `hugo server` to display this showcase in IE11; this is used for testing, as we
# are still supporting IE11 - although with degraded experience; if you don't care about
# `hugo server` or browsers of ancient times, fell free to remove this whole block
[server]
  [[server.headers]]
    for = "**.html"
    [server.headers.values]
       X-UA-Compatible = "IE=edge"

# showcase of the menu shortcuts; you can use relative URLs linking
# to your content or use fully-quallified URLs to link outside of
# your project
[Languages]
  [Languages.en]
    title = "Hugo Relearn Theme"
    weight = 1
    languageName = "English"
    landingPageName = "<i class='fas fa-home'></i> Home"

  [[Languages.en.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fab fa-fw fa-github'></i> GitHub repo"
    identifier = "ds"
    url = "https://github.com/McShelby/hugo-theme-relearn"
    weight = 10

  [[Languages.en.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-camera'></i> Showcases"
    url = "more/showcase/"
    weight = 11

  [[Languages.en.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-bookmark'></i> Hugo Documentation"
    identifier = "hugodoc"
    url = "https://gohugo.io/"
    weight = 20

  [[Languages.en.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-bullhorn'></i> Credits"
    url = "more/credits/"
    weight = 30

  [[Languages.en.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-tags'></i> Tags"
    url = "tags/"
    weight = 40

  # this is ourrr way t' showcase th' multilang settings by
  # doing autotrrranlat'n of th' english content; we are
  # lazy and don't supporrt furrrther trrranslations; arrr,
  # don't take it t' serrrious, fello'; it's prrretty hacky and:
  # NOT MEANT FER PRRRODUCTION! ARRR!

  [Languages.pir]
    title = "Cap'n Hugo Relearrrn Theme"
    weight = 2
    languageName = "Arrr! ☠ Pirrrates ☠"
    landingPageName = "<i class='fas fa-home'></i> Arrr! Home"

  [[Languages.pir.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fab fa-fw fa-github'></i> GitHub repo"
    identifier = "ds"
    url = "https://github.com/McShelby/hugo-theme-relearn"
    weight = 10

  [[Languages.pir.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-camera'></i> Showcases"
    url = "more/showcase/"
    weight = 11

  [[Languages.pir.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-bookmark'></i> Cap'n Hugo Documentat'n"
    identifier = "hugodoc"
    url = "https://gohugo.io/"
    weight = 20

  [[Languages.pir.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-bullhorn'></i> Crrredits"
    url = "more/credits/"
    weight = 30

  [[Languages.pir.menu.shortcuts]]
    name = "<i class='fas fa-fw fa-tags'></i> Arrr! Tags"
    url = "tags/"
    weight = 40

# mounts are only needed in this showcase to access the publicly available screenshots;
# remove this section if you don't need further mounts
[module]
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'archetypes'
    target = 'archetypes'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'assets'
    target = 'assets'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'content'
    target = 'content'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'data'
    target = 'data'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'i18n'
    target = 'i18n'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = '../images'
    target = 'content/images'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'layouts'
    target = 'layouts'
  [[module.mounts]]
    source = 'static'
    target = 'static'

# settings specific to this theme's features; choose to your likings and
# consult this documentation for explaination
# 修改此处✅ 按需修改
[params]
  editURL = "https://github.com/waouooo//edit/main/exampleSite/content/"
  description = "waouooo: 一个很哇塞的博客"
  author = "waouooo"
  showVisitedLinks = true
  collapsibleMenu = true
  disableBreadcrumb = false
  disableInlineCopyToClipBoard = true
  disableNextPrev = false
  disableLandingPageButton = true
  titleSeparator = "::"
  themeVariant = [ "relearn-light", "relearn-dark", "learn", "neon", "blue", "green", "red" ]
  disableSeoHiddenPages = true
  # this is for the stylesheet generator to allow for interactivity in Mermaid
  # graphs; you usually will not need it and you should remove this for
  # security reasons
  mermaidInitialize = "{ \"securityLevel\": \"loose\" }"
  additionalContentLanguage = [ "en" ]

添加主页文章内容创建文章draft默认为true，修改为false可以展示出来

hugo new _index.md
# 输出：Content "/Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo/content/_index.md" created
vim /Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo/content/_index.md

---
title: "waouooo"
date: 2023-01-28T23:30:32+08:00
draft: false
---

### waouooo::一个很哇塞的博客

启动博客并访问地址查看

hugo serve
port 1313 already in use, attempting to use an available port
Start building sites …
hugo v0.105.0+extended darwin/amd64 BuildDate=unknown

                   | EN  | PIR
-------------------+-----+------
  Pages            |  10 |  10
  Paginator pages  |   0 |   0
  Non-page files   |   0 |   0
  Static files     | 191 | 191
  Processed images |   0 |   0
  Aliases          |   1 |   0
  Sitemaps         |   2 |   1
  Cleaned          |   0 |   0

Built in 177 ms
Watching for changes in /Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo/{archetypes,content,data,layouts,static,themes}
Watching for config changes in /Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo/config.toml, /Users/waouooo/Workspace/waouooo/themes/hugo-theme-relearn/config.toml
Environment: "development"
Serving pages from memory
Running in Fast Render Mode. For full rebuilds on change: hugo server --disableFastRender
Web Server is available at http://localhost:64363/ (bind address 127.0.0.1)
Press Ctrl+C to stop

添加章节或者文章详细内容可参考relearn官网配置

# 添加章节
hugo new --kind chapter basics/_index.md

# 创建文章内容
hugo new basics/first-content.md
hugo new basics/second-content/_index.md

以git submodule形式添加github pages托管的仓库, (使用ssh协议方便推送)

git submodule add git@github.com:waouooo/waouooo.github.io.git dist

生成静态文件 hugo 命令默认将静态文件生成至public目录当中，我们可以通过-d指定生成的目录

hugo -d dist

推送到github，等待部署工作流执行完成查看页面

cd dist
git add .
git commit -m "add hugo static pages"

参考链接

1. GitHub Pages 快速入门

2. Hugo Quick Start

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客二: 添加giscus评论系统

hugo-theme-relearn 主题添加giscus评论系统

通过上文我们已经实现了博客最重要的发布与展示功能，而作为一个技术博客，如果有一个评论系统供读者进行交流是再好不过了。经过对各个评论系统的横向比较，最终选择的giscus作为评论系统的引擎，那么下面就开始将giscus添加至系统中。

1. 安装giscus

点击https://github.com/apps/giscus访问github中的giscus app安装页面,点击install

选择指定仓库进行安装：

验证github账号密码

至此 waouooo.github.io仓库已安装上giscus

2. 打开Github仓库的Discussions功能

1) giscus是由 GitHub Discussions 驱动的评论系统，因此需要在github上有仓库开启Discussions功能对评论进行托管，我们这里就直接选择博客站点仓库开启Discussions:

2) 在settings的General栏往下拉，找到Features

3) 勾选✅上Discussions

4) 创建一个discussions，这里选择General作为未来托管评论的category

5) 通过giscus网站生成配置

3. 修改站点目录配置

# 创建目录
mkdir -pv layouts/partials
mkdir -pv layouts/_internal

拷贝主题项目中layouts/partials下的部分文件至占点根目录的layout/partials中，用于添加giscus评论系统的修改

# 拷贝需要的文件
cp themes/hugo-theme-relearn/layouts/partials/content-footer.html layouts/partials
cp themes/hugo-theme-relearn/layouts/partials/custom-comments.html layouts/partials
cp themes/hugo-theme-relearn/layouts/partials/footer.html layouts/partials
cp themes/hugo-theme-relearn/layouts/partials/menu-footer.html layouts/partials

创建giscus.html文件

touch layout/_internal/giscus.html

将以下内容拷贝至layout/_internal/giscus.html

<div>
  {{ if site.Params.giscus }}
  <style>
    #comment {
      padding: 8rem 0 2rem;
    }
  
    #comment .vemoji {
        max-width: 1.5em;
        max-height: 1.5em;
    }
  </style>
    <div id="comment">
      <!-- 此处的配置可以直接拷贝2.5)通过giscus网站配置生成的script脚本，也可以将配置值抽取出来，参考下文的方式填入config.toml文件 -->
      <script src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
      data-repo="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_repo}}"
      data-repo-id="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_repo_id}}"
      data-category="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_category}}"
      data-category-id="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_category_id}}"
      data-mapping="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_mapping}}"
      data-reactions-enabled="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_reactions_enabled}}"
      data-emit-metadata="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_emit_metadata}}"
      data-input-position="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_input_position }}"
      data-theme="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_theme}}"
      data-lang="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_lang}}"
      crossorigin="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.crossorigin}}"
      data-term="{{ .Site.Params.giscus.data_term }}"
      async>
  </script>
    </div>
    <noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by giscus.</noscript>
  {{ end }}
</div>

修改layouts/partials/custom-comments.html文件，引入上面修改的giscus.html

<!-- import your comments system
{{ template "_internal/disqus.html" . }}
-->
{{ template "_internal/giscus.html" . }}

删除layouts/partials/footer.html中 {{- partial "custom-comments.html" . }} （第3行左右）
在layouts/partials/content-footer.html最后追加{{- partial "custom-comments.html" . }}

{{- with .Params.LastModifierDisplayName }}
            <i class='fas fa-user'></i> {{ with $.Params.LastModifierEmail }}<a href="mailto:{{ . }}">{{ end }}{{ . }}{{ with $.Params.LastModifierEmail }}</a>{{ end }}
  {{- with $.Date }}
            <i class='fas fa-calendar'></i> {{ . | time.Format ":date_medium" }}
  {{- end }}
{{- end }}
{{- partial "custom-comments.html" . }}

自定义layouts/partials/menu-footer.html中的内容，也可不修改

	<style>
		#footer {
		  font-size: 13px;
		  height: 100px;
		  margin-left: auto;
		  margin-right: auto;
		  padding: 2rem 1rem;
		  text-align: center;
		  min-width: 230px;
		  max-width: 300px;
		}
		#footer p {
		  margin: 0;
		}
	  </style>
	  <p>Built with <a href="https://github.com/McShelby/hugo-theme-relearn" title="love"><i class="fas fa-heart"></i></a> by <a href="https://gohugo.io/">Hugo</a></p>
	  <script async="" src="../../js/buttons.js?1674688248"></script>

4. 修改config.toml文件

若layout/_internal/giscus.html文件中giscus的script脚本参数通过配置提取，则添加以下giscus配置至config.toml 中, data_repo, data_repo_id, data_category data_category_id 这四个参数为上文中开启discussions仓库的数据, data_category使用上文的General。其中的值与上文giscus官网配置得到的值一致

[params.giscus]
  data_repo="waouooo/waouooo.github.io"
  data_repo_id="*****"    
  data_category="General"
  data_category_id="*****"
  data_mapping="pathname"
  data_reactions_enabled="1"
  data_emit_metadata="0"
  data_theme="dark"
  data_lang="zh-CN"
  data_input_position="top"
  data_term="1046"
  crossorigin="anonymous"

~~通过GitHub GraphQL API 查询repo_id 和category_id 的内容~~

{
  resource(url: "https://github.com/waouooo/waouooo.github.io") {
    ... on Repository {
      id
      name
      discussion(number: 1) {
        category {
          id
          name
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

~~将查询到的结果回填至config.toml文件的**** 中~~

5. 重新生成静态页面，上传至仓库中

hugo -d dist
cd dist
git add .
git commit -m "add giscus"
git push

上传成功后等待编译部署完即可查看页面是否成功添加了giscus评论系统了

参考链接

Giscus: The New Commenting Engine for My Website

Hugo Plugin Giscus Support

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客三：Github Actions自动部署

前言

通过之前的文章，我们已经把博客站点部署完成，并且添加了giscus评论系统，但是每次发布文章都需要手动执行hugo命令生成站点静态文件，并把文件推送到仓库当中等待部署才能发布。为了简化我们的发布流程，本文将介绍使用Github Actions 来自动构建hugo静态文件，并推送至启用github pages的仓库当中。

1. 创建站点文章仓库

在第一篇中我们只在github上创建了waouooo.github.io仓库，用于保存站点的静态文件，并开启Github Pages。但是我们在使用hugo new site waouooo创建站点文件夹时也对站点文件夹做了git init 操作，因此我们也可以将站点的内容保存至github中。点此创建

2. 关联远程仓库至本地hugo 站点元数据git仓库，并推送

仓库创建完成之后github页面会展示以下内容：因为我们本地已经有仓库，只需要执行以下内容即可：

git remote add origin git@github.com:waouooo/myblog.git
git push -u origin master

3. 生成sshkey 用于Github Actions推送hugo生成的静态文件至托管仓库

-C 参数指定github用户的邮箱

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C waouooo@163.com
# 以下内容为输出
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
# 此处输入保存新ssh key的文件路径,不要回车，否则使用默认文件名，会被覆盖。其他地方可一路回车
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/waouooo/.ssh/id_rsa): id_rsa_deploy_key
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in id_rsa_deploy_key
Your public key has been saved in id_rsa_deploy_key.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:iKKuSQt+jFiZc3UbeSDY………………tYrvgO+FRI7tSE waouooo@163.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|     o           |
|    . o .        |
|     + . oE o    |
|    o.o.= .= o   |
|  .+.o. S=+.o.   |
| .=.o . . =o+..  |
|+o o     o O.  . |
|*o.o      +.+ .  |
|++.       .oo+   |
+----[SHA256]-----+

以上执行完成之后会在当前目录生成 id_rsa_deploy_key, id_rsa_deploy_key.pub两个文件

4. 将生成的公钥: id_rsa_deploy_key.pub 保存至需要部署的waouooo.github.io项目中

5. 使用ssh私钥: id_rsa_deploy_key 在站点元数据仓库中创建secret

Name建议使用DEPLOY_KEY，需要下文Github Actions 的Workflow配置文件中使用

6. 创建Github Actions 的工作流(workflow)

将以下内容填充至配置中:

name: GitHub Pages

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master  # Set a branch to deploy

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
    concurrency:
      group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
        with:
          submodules: true  # Fetch Hugo themes (true OR recursive)
          fetch-depth: 0    # Fetch all history for .GitInfo and .Lastmod

      - name: Setup Hugo
        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
        with:
          hugo-version: 'latest'
          extended: true

      - name: Build
        run: hugo --minify

      - name: Deploy
        uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3
        if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }}
        with:
         deploy_key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_KEY }}  # 上文保存至本仓库secrets中的ssh秘钥变量名
         external_repository: waouooo/waouooo.github.io # 需要将静态文件推送的仓库名
         publish_branch: main # 对应目的仓库的目的分支，因为waouooo主分支为main
         publish_dir: ./public # 推送的文件夹，hugo --minify命令会将静态文件生成至./public文件夹中
         commit_message: ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }} # 指定commit信息

完成后点击start commit完成配置

注意：此时仓库中提交了一个.github/workflows/main.yml的新文件，需要使用git pull 同步至本仓库先，方式下次推送时发生冲突

总结

至此自动化推送已经实现，之后只需要添加文章之后将其推送到远端仓库即可自动触发Github Actions执行自动编译并推送至站点仓库waouooo.github.io中

参考链接

Hugo setup

actions-gh-pages

waouooo

waouooo:一个很哇塞的博客

2023年大概会覆盖一下几点内容，（按时间以及紧急程度排序）

2024年计划

waouooo长期打算

Subsections of waouooo

Golang

Golang

Subsections of Golang

time.Tick() 内存泄漏问题排查

背景：

问题排查

Java

Java

Subsections of Java

使用IDEA2023快速创建Spring Boot项目

方式一：通过空项目创建

方式二：通过spring Initializr创建

Arthas使用指南

背景

Arthas相关链接：

快速入门

Linux

Linux

Subsections of Linux

算法

算法

快速建站

快速建站

Subsections of 快速建站

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客一：基础建站

需求：创建一个个人博客

工具简介：

Hugo：

Github Pages

Giscus

创建Github Pages

使用Hugo 初始化站点

参考链接

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客二: 添加giscus评论系统

hugo-theme-relearn 主题添加giscus评论系统

1. 安装giscus

2. 打开Github仓库的Discussions功能

1) giscus是由 GitHub Discussions 驱动的评论系统，因此需要在github上有仓库开启Discussions功能对评论进行托管，我们这里就直接选择博客站点仓库开启Discussions:

2) 在settings的General栏往下拉，找到Features

3) 勾选✅上Discussions

4) 创建一个discussions， 这里选择General作为未来托管评论的category

5) 通过giscus网站生成配置

3. 修改站点目录配置

4. 修改config.toml文件

5. 重新生成静态页面，上传至仓库中

参考链接

Hugo+Github Pages快速搭建个人博客三：Github Actions自动部署

前言

1. 创建站点文章仓库

2. 关联远程仓库至本地hugo 站点元数据git仓库，并推送

3. 生成sshkey 用于Github Actions推送hugo生成的静态文件至托管仓库

4. 将生成的公钥: id_rsa_deploy_key.pub 保存至需要部署的waouooo.github.io项目中

5. 使用ssh私钥: id_rsa_deploy_key 在站点元数据仓库中创建secret

6. 创建Github Actions 的工作流(workflow)

总结

参考链接

4) 创建一个discussions，这里选择General作为未来托管评论的category